College for engineering in Gujarat

GUJARAT UNIVERSITY

B.E. (Chemical Engineering)

CH 601 Mass Transfer Operation –II

Sr. No.	Subject	Teaching Scheme (Hrs.)			Exam Scheme (Marks)
		Lect	Tut	Pract	Theory 3 Hrs.	Sessional	T/W	Pract	Total
CH- 601	Mass Transfer Operation –II	3	-	4	100	50	50	50	250

Distillation: Binary System: Introduction, Vapor-liquid Equilibria, P-X-Y T-X-Y diagrams, concept of volatility and effect of P and T on equilibrium data, Ideal solutions, Raoult's Law as applied to distillation operations, Deviation from ideality minimum and maximum boiling azeotropic mixtures, Enthalpy-concentration diagrams, their characteristics. Flash distillation, steam distillation, simple distillation, continuous rectification, Batch fractionation etc., Determination of number of stages, by Ponchon and Severit method and McCabe-Thiele method, multi tray towers, concept of minimum, total and optimum reflux ratio, Reboilers, use of open steam multiple feeds, partial condensers, cold hot circulating reflux etc. Rectification of azeotropic mixtures. Continuous contact equipments like packed towers sieve, bubble cap towers etc. Determination of no. of transfer units and height of transfer units.

Multi-component System: Vapor-liquid equilibrium data, Definition of K etc. ideal systems, limitations, Key components, Reflux, Lewis and Matheson calculations, liquid-vapour ratio, method of Thiele and Geddes, Enthalpy balances for conventional columns, conventional method. Introduction to complex columns, convergence method, calculations of `S', Material balance equation etc. Determination of minimum Reflux ratio for conventional and complex columns. Use of efficiencies, Modified Murphee and vaporization efficiencies. Determination of plate efficiencies. Concept of A.S.T.M., T.B.P., azeotropic and extractive distillation, also molecular distillation.

Other operations:

Humidification and dehumidification: Vapour liquid Equilibria, Enthalpy of saturated and unsaturated vapour liquid mixtures, adiabatic saturation curves, concept of wet bulb and dry bulb temp. Lewis relation, water-cooling with air, Dehumidification of air-water vapour, water-cooling towers.

Absorption and ion exchange: Types of absorption, Nature of absorbents, absorption Equilibria, absorption of single gas/vapour from gaseous mixture, dilute and concentrated liquid solutions, fixed bed, ion-bed absorbers, principles of ion exchange. Equilibria and rate of ion exchange.

Drying: Equilibrium relationship, Drying operations and equipments, Equilibrium moisture, Bound moisture, unbound moisture, free moisture etc. Batch drying, rate of drying, time of drying, Cross-circulation drying, concept of NoG and HoG, Drying at low temperature, freeze drying etc. Mechanism of various drying operations should be discussed in detail, continuous drying equipments-Tunnel dryers, Rotary dryers, Spray dryers etc.

Crystallization: Saturation, nucleation, crystallization rate, effect of impurities, effect of temperature on solubility, caking of crystals, Batch crystallizes, continuous crystallizer.

Less conventional operations: Introduction to fractional crystallization, sublimation, foam separation, membrane separation, Thermal diffusion etc.

Practical and Term-work:

Experiments based on the above topics

Text Books:

1. R.E. Treybel, “Mass Transfer Operations”, McGraw Hill Publication.

2. Richardson and Coulson, “Chemical Engg. Vol.II”, Pergamon Press.

Reference Books:

1. Badger and Bencharo, “Introduction to Chem. Engg.”, McGraw Hill Publication.

2. Perry, Chemical Engineers handbook.